On Friday, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan ordered to transfer a historic church in Istanbul into the care of the Religious Affairs Directorate and opening its doors to Muslim worshipers. A similar reconversion happened a month ago, when Hagia Sophia, which also had originated as an Orthodox house of prayer, was turned from a museum into a mosque.

The Church of the Holy Saviour in Chora traces its history back to a fourth century monastery complex just outside of the wall of Constantinople, which was incorporated into the city as it expanded. The walls of the current building have survived since a major reconstruction in the 11th century. The interior features gorgeous Byzantine mosaics and frescoes, which were created sometime between 1315 and 1321 and depict scenes from the New Testament.

After Constantinople was conquered by the Ottomans in the mid-15th century, the church was transformed into a mosque and its Christian imagery covered behind plaster. Modern Turkey converted it into the Kariye Museum, a popular tourist destination, after World War II.

The decision to return the museum to its Ottoman-era role was passed by Turkey’s top administrative court in November. It was not immediately clear how long it would take before Muslim services could resume at the site, after Erdogan’s decree was published in Turkey's official gazette on Friday, thus coming into force.

Last month, Hagia Sophia underwent a similar controversial reconversion from a museum back into a functioning mosque. Erdogan, whose party courts political Islam for domestic and international support, attended the first Friday prayer held at the former Byzantine cathedral along with thousands of other worshipers.

The conversions have struck tensions between Turkey and its long-time rival and neighbor, Greece, which sees them as an attack on a Christian legacy held in Turkish custody. The Greek foreign ministry called the latest decision “yet another provocation against religious persons everywhere” by Ankara.